(E) The mast cell density was portrayed as the number of cells per 250 m2 for each section. in the TNCB 2 weeks-treated group, expressions of genes related to the immune response were enriched. Among the histological results, the skin lesions in the HDM-treated group were most similar to those of AD. Conclusions We confirmed that immunological pattern of AD mice was markedly different between HDM and TNCB treated groups. In addition, the immunological pattern was quietly different dependent on TNCB treated duration. is a representative HDM that can produce symptoms similar to those of AD. The HDM allergen-related pathogenesis is unclear but it Btk inhibitor 1 R enantiomer hydrochloride is reported that application of a HDM extract to the skin can increase the expressions of Th1/Th2/Th17 related cytokines [15]. Currently, there are few studies comparing the various AD animal models. In this study, we assessed AD characteristics induced in Nc/Nga mice following TNCB treatment for different periods (short period, 2 Rabbit Polyclonal to MCM3 (phospho-Thr722) weeks and long period, 8 weeks) and HDM treatment to compare each model’s immunological patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals Eight-week-old female NC/Nga mice were purchased from Central Laboratory Animal Inc. (Korea). The mice were housed in an air-conditioned room maintained at 24C 2C and 55% 15% humidity. Protocols for care and use of animals in this study were in compliance with guidelines and were approved by the Kangwon National University Institutional Care and Animal Use Committee (KW-180705-4). Twenty NC/Nga mice (8-week-old females) were used during this study. Mice were assigned to one of 4 groups; control group, TNCB 2 weeks-treated group, TNCB 8 weeks-treated group, and the HDM-treated group (n = 5 in each group). Induction of AD in the NC/Nga mice TNCB and HDM were used to induce AD [12,16]. For the control group, the hair on the back of the NC/Nga mice was shaved using an electric shaver, followed by treatment with saline twice a week for 4 weeks. For the TNCB 2 weeks-treated group, the hair on the back of the NC/Nga mice was shaved using an electric shaver, followed by treatment with 100 L of 2% TNCB (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) 3 times a week for 2 weeks. For the TNCB 8 weeks-treated group, the hair on the back of the NC/Nga mice was shaved using an electric shaver, followed by treatment with 100 L of 2% TNCB 3 times a week for 2 weeks. After then 100 L 0.2% TNCB was applied 3 times a week for 6 weeks in the TNCB 8 weeks-treated group. TNCB was prepared by dissolving TNCB in a 4:1 mixture of acetone and olive oil. For the HDM-treated group, the hair on the back of the NC/Nga mice was shaved using an electric shaver, followed by treatment with 100 L of 4% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS; Sigma-Aldrich, Btk inhibitor 1 R enantiomer hydrochloride USA) to disrupt the skin barrier. After drying with 4% SDS, 100 mg/mouse of HDM allergen (HDM; Biostir Inc., Japan) was applied to the prepared skin area, with the Btk inhibitor 1 R enantiomer hydrochloride HDM application repeated twice per week for 4 weeks (Fig. 1). Open in a separate window Btk inhibitor 1 R enantiomer hydrochloride Fig. 1 Scheme of AD induction in NC/Nga mice.AD, atopic dermatitis; NC/Nga, Nishiki-nezumi Cinnamon/Nagoya; TNCB, trinitrochlorobenzene. Serum IgE concentration assay Serum was collected from sacrificed mice, and the concentration of total IgE in the serum was measured by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Fujifilm Wako Shibayagi Corporation, Japan). All.